Mythology

—- 1. Johnson, A. R., Sacral Kingship in Ancient Israel, p. 81. 2. Langhe, R. de., Myth, Ritual, and Kingship, pp. 122 ff. 3. Engnell, I., Studies in Divine Kingship. 4. Gordon, C. R., Ugaritic Literature, pp. 66-7. 5. Driver, G. R., Canaanite Myths and Legends, p. 4. 6. Isa. 14:9; 24:14. 19; Ps. 88:1o; Pro. 2:18; 9:18; 21 :16; Gen. 14 :5; Deut. 2 :11 et. al. 7. Gray, J., ‘The Rephaim’ (Palestine Exploration Quarterly, 1949). 8. Exod. 23:19. 9. Gaster, T. H., Thespis, pp. 97-8. 10. Driver, G. R., op. Cit., p. 24. 11. Harrison, J. E., Themis, pp. 97-8. 12. Driver, G. R., op. Cit., pp. 24-5. ———————————– Hittite Mythology Chapter 4 Until the middle of the last century all that was known of the Hittites was that they were mentioned in the Old Testament in the lists of peoples inhabiting Canaan before the Israelite settlement. Abraham bought the cave of Machpelah from Hittites in the neighbourhood of Hebron, and the approach of their army caused the Syrians to raise the siege of Samaria during the Omri dynasty. [1] The prophet Ezekiel reproached the inhabitants of Jerusalem with being of Hittite descent. [2] But within the last half-century, Winckler’s excavation of Boghaz-koi, the site of Hattusas, the ancient capital of the Hittite empire, and the labours of many scholars in deciphering and translating the Hittite cuneiform script, has shown that the Hittites (a name which they did not use of themselves), were non-Semitic invaders who settled in Asia Minor about the beginning of the third millennium B.C., and built up an empire which lasted until 1225 B.C. and played a very important role in the politics of the ancient Near East. More than 10,000 tablets were found in the archives of Boghaz-koi, and this important body of literature included interesting mythological material, of which some account must now be given. Hittite studies are still in their infancy, comparatively speaking, and more myths than have so far been discovered may yet come to light; but those already made available to us by skill of Hittite scholars show the influence of the Babylonian religion, although they have a very distinctive character of their own. They contain much more of the folklore element than those we have so far described, and the ancestry of some familiar European folk tales and Marchen can be traced back to these curious myths and legends. Those who may wish to know more of the origins, religion, literature, and art, of the Hittites will find an admirable and authoritative account in Dr O. R. Gurney’s Pelican Book entitled The Hittites. The three myths given here to illustrate the character of Hittite mythology have been translated by Professor Albrecht Goetze, and may be found in full in Pritchard’s indispensable

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